This lesson consists of several exercises that combine the different skills you learned in the previous lessons.<\/p>\n
\u00abnumber1\u00bb+\u00abnumber2\u00bb<\/code>, where both of these represent positive integers, and outputs the sum of the two numbers. For example on input 5+12<\/code> the output should be 17<\/code>. Hint 1<\/a>Hint 2<\/a>You need to create an account and log in to ask a question.<\/div><\/div><\/div>\nS = input()\n# delete this comment and enter your code here\n<\/textarea><\/div>\n<div id='pbhistory0' class='flexcontain' style='display:none;'><\/div>\n<div name=\"pyinput\" id=\"pyinput0\">You may enter input for the program in the box below.<div class=\"pyboxTextwrap resizy\" style=\"height: 102px;\" ><textarea wrap=\"off\" name=\"userinput\" class=\"pyboxInput\" cols=10 rows=4><\/textarea><\/div><\/div>\n<input type='hidden' id='defaultCode0' value='S = input()\\n'><\/input>\n<div class='pyboxbuttons'><table><tr>\n<td><input type='submit' name='submit' id='submit0' value=' '\/><\/td>\n<td><input type='button' name='switch' id=\"switch0\" value=\"Input Switch\" onclick=\"pbInputSwitch(0,'N')\" ><\/td>\n<td><input type='button' name='consolecopy' value=\"Open in console\" onclick=\"pbConsoleCopy(0)\" ><\/td>\n<td><input type='button' name='visualize' value=\"Visualize\" onclick=\"pbVisualize(0,'N')\" ><\/td>\n<\/tr><\/table><select id='pbSelect0' class='selectmore'><option name='more'>More actions...<\/option>\n<option name='history' data-pbonclick=\"historyClick(0,'8.adder')\" >History<\/option>\n<option name='default' data-pbonclick=\"pbSetText(0,descape($('#defaultCode0').val()))\" >Reset code to default<\/option>\n<option name='help' data-pbonclick=\"helpClick(0);\" >Help<\/option>\n<\/select><\/div>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"lang\" value=\"en-US\"\/><input type=\"hidden\" id=\"inputInUse0\" name=\"inputInUse\" value=\"Y\"\/>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"pyId\" value=\"0\"\/>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"hash\" value=\"db48175d499bb92edfa2764fa22b5711\"\/>\n<div id='pbresults0' class='pbresults avoidline'><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/form>\n<script type='text\/javascript'>jQuery(function(){pbToggleCodeMirror(0);});pbInputSwitch(0,\"N\");<\/script>\n<\/p>\n<p><form class=\"pbform\" action=\"#\" id=\"pbform3\" method=\"POST\">\n<div class='pybox modeNeutral ' id='pybox3'>\n<img title='You have not yet completed this problem.' src='https:\/\/olescs.hkmu.edu.hk\/python\/wp-content\/plugins\/pybox\/files\/icon.png' class='pycheck'\/><div class=\"heading\"><span class='type'>Coding Exercise: <\/span><span class='title'>Substring Counting<\/span><\/div>As mentioned in lesson 7A, a substring is any consecutive sequence of characters inside another string. The same substring may occur several times inside the same string: for example \"assesses\" has the substring \"sses\" 2 times, and \"trans-Panamanian\u00a0banana\" has the substring \"an\" 6 times. Write a program that takes two lines of input, we call the first <code>needle<\/code> and the second <code>haystack<\/code>. Print the number of times that <code>needle<\/code> occurs as a substring of <code>haystack<\/code>. <a class=\"hintlink\" id=\"hintlink4\">Hint<\/a><div class=\"helpOuter\" style=\"display: none;\"><div class=\"helpInner\"><div style=\"text-align: center\">You need to create an account and log in to ask a question.<\/div><\/div><\/div><div class='pyboxTextwrap pyboxCodewrap RW resizy' style='height: 526px;'><textarea wrap='off' name='usercode3' id='usercode3' cols=10 rows=20 class='pyboxCode RW'>\n# delete this comment and enter your code here\n<\/textarea><\/div>\n<div id='pbhistory3' class='flexcontain' style='display:none;'><\/div>\n<div name=\"pyinput\" id=\"pyinput3\">You may enter input for the program in the box below.<div class=\"pyboxTextwrap resizy\" style=\"height: 102px;\" ><textarea wrap=\"off\" name=\"userinput\" class=\"pyboxInput\" cols=10 rows=4><\/textarea><\/div><\/div>\n<div class='pyboxbuttons'><table><tr>\n<td><input type='submit' name='submit' id='submit3' value=' '\/><\/td>\n<td><input type='button' name='switch' id=\"switch3\" value=\"Input Switch\" onclick=\"pbInputSwitch(3,'N')\" ><\/td>\n<td><input type='button' name='consolecopy' value=\"Open in console\" onclick=\"pbConsoleCopy(3)\" ><\/td>\n<td><input type='button' name='visualize' value=\"Visualize\" onclick=\"pbVisualize(3,'N')\" ><\/td>\n<\/tr><\/table><select id='pbSelect3' class='selectmore'><option name='more'>More actions...<\/option>\n<option name='history' data-pbonclick=\"historyClick(3,'8.substrings')\" >History<\/option>\n<option name='help' data-pbonclick=\"helpClick(3);\" >Help<\/option>\n<\/select><\/div>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"lang\" value=\"en-US\"\/><input type=\"hidden\" id=\"inputInUse3\" name=\"inputInUse\" value=\"Y\"\/>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"pyId\" value=\"3\"\/>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"hash\" value=\"e0b82a10c247416bf90ba44e7c882356\"\/>\n<div id='pbresults3' class='pbresults avoidline'><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/form>\n<script type='text\/javascript'>jQuery(function(){pbToggleCodeMirror(3);});pbInputSwitch(3,\"N\");<\/script>\n<\/p>\n<p>In the following question, once you get it correct we'll show you a graphical representation of the output using <code>*<\/code> graphics.<\/p>\n<p><form class=\"pbform\" action=\"#\" id=\"pbform5\" method=\"POST\">\n<div class='pybox modeNeutral ' id='pybox5'>\n<img title='You have not yet completed this problem.' src='https:\/\/olescs.hkmu.edu.hk\/python\/wp-content\/plugins\/pybox\/files\/icon.png' class='pycheck'\/><div class=\"heading\"><span class='type'>Coding Exercise: <\/span><span class='title'>Watch the Pendulum<\/span><\/div>In physics, for a pendulum with length L and initial angle A, its horizontal displacement X(T) at time T is given by the formula <\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\">X(T) = L \u00d7\u00a0cos(A \u00d7 cos(T \u00d7\u00a0\u221a<span style=\"text-decoration: overline\">9.8\/L<\/span>)) - L \u00d7 cos(A)<\/p>\n<p> Write a program which takes two lines of input; the first line is L and the second line is A. The output should be ten lines, giving the values of X(0), X(1), X(2), ..., X(9). For example, if the first line of input is\u00a0<code>53.1<\/code>\u00a0and the second line of input is <code>0.8<\/code>, then the first line of output is <code>0.0<\/code> and the second line of output is 53.1*cos(0.8*cos(1*\u221a<span style=\"text-decoration: overline\">9.8\/53.1<\/span>)) - 53.1*cos(0.8) ~ <code>2.6689<\/code>.<div class=\"helpOuter\" style=\"display: none;\"><div class=\"helpInner\"><div style=\"text-align: center\">You need to create an account and log in to ask a question.<\/div><\/div><\/div><div class='pyboxTextwrap pyboxCodewrap RW resizy' style='height: 526px;'><textarea wrap='off' name='usercode5' id='usercode5' cols=10 rows=20 class='pyboxCode RW'>\n# import statement goes here\nL = float(input())\nA = float(input())\n# delete this comment and enter your code here\n<\/textarea><\/div>\n<div id='pbhistory5' class='flexcontain' style='display:none;'><\/div>\n<div name=\"pyinput\" id=\"pyinput5\">You may enter input for the program in the box below.<div class=\"pyboxTextwrap resizy\" style=\"height: 102px;\" ><textarea wrap=\"off\" name=\"userinput\" class=\"pyboxInput\" cols=10 rows=4><\/textarea><\/div><\/div>\n<input type='hidden' id='defaultCode5' value='# import statement goes here\\nL = float(input())\\nA = float(input())\\n'><\/input>\n<div class='pyboxbuttons'><table><tr>\n<td><input type='submit' name='submit' id='submit5' value=' '\/><\/td>\n<td><input type='button' name='switch' id=\"switch5\" value=\"Input Switch\" onclick=\"pbInputSwitch(5,'N')\" ><\/td>\n<td><input type='button' name='consolecopy' value=\"Open in console\" onclick=\"pbConsoleCopy(5)\" ><\/td>\n<td><input type='button' name='visualize' value=\"Visualize\" onclick=\"pbVisualize(5,'N')\" ><\/td>\n<\/tr><\/table><select id='pbSelect5' class='selectmore'><option name='more'>More actions...<\/option>\n<option name='history' data-pbonclick=\"historyClick(5,'8.pendulum')\" >History<\/option>\n<option name='default' data-pbonclick=\"pbSetText(5,descape($('#defaultCode5').val()))\" >Reset code to default<\/option>\n<option name='help' data-pbonclick=\"helpClick(5);\" >Help<\/option>\n<\/select><\/div>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"lang\" value=\"en-US\"\/><input type=\"hidden\" id=\"inputInUse5\" name=\"inputInUse\" value=\"Y\"\/>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"pyId\" value=\"5\"\/>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"hash\" value=\"6fba0ed43b6aaa61ac036fd799b2699a\"\/>\n<div id='pbresults5' class='pbresults avoidline'><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/form>\n<script type='text\/javascript'>jQuery(function(){pbToggleCodeMirror(5);});pbInputSwitch(5,\"N\");<\/script>\n<\/p>\n<p><form class=\"pbform\" action=\"#\" id=\"pbform6\" method=\"POST\">\n<div class='pybox modeNeutral ' id='pybox6'>\n<img title='You have not yet completed this problem.' src='https:\/\/olescs.hkmu.edu.hk\/python\/wp-content\/plugins\/pybox\/files\/icon.png' class='pycheck'\/><div class=\"heading\"><span class='type'>Coding Exercise: <\/span><span class='title'>Centering Text<\/span><\/div>For this program, the first line of input is an integer\u00a0<code>width<\/code>. Then, there are some lines of text; the line <code>\"END\"<\/code> indicates the end of the text. For each line of text, you need to print out a <em>centered<\/em> version of it, by adding periods <code>..<\/code> to the left and right, so that the total length of each line of text is <code>width<\/code>. (All input lines will have length at most <code>width<\/code>.) Centering means that the number of periods added to the left and added to the right should be equal if possible; if needed we allow one more period on the left than the right. For example, for input <\/p>\n<pre>13<br\/>Text<br\/>in<br\/>the<br\/>middle!<br\/>END<\/pre> the correct output would be <\/p>\n<pre>.....Text....<br\/>......in.....<br\/>.....the.....<br\/>...middle!...<\/pre> <a class=\"hintlink\" id=\"hintlink7\">Hint<\/a><div class=\"helpOuter\" style=\"display: none;\"><div class=\"helpInner\"><div style=\"text-align: center\">You need to create an account and log in to ask a question.<\/div><\/div><\/div><div class='pyboxTextwrap pyboxCodewrap RW resizy' style='height: 526px;'><textarea wrap='off' name='usercode6' id='usercode6' cols=10 rows=20 class='pyboxCode RW'>\nwidth = int(input())\n# delete this comment and enter your code here\n<\/textarea><\/div>\n<div id='pbhistory6' class='flexcontain' style='display:none;'><\/div>\n<div name=\"pyinput\" id=\"pyinput6\">You may enter input for the program in the box below.<div class=\"pyboxTextwrap resizy\" style=\"height: 102px;\" ><textarea wrap=\"off\" name=\"userinput\" class=\"pyboxInput\" cols=10 rows=4><\/textarea><\/div><\/div>\n<input type='hidden' id='defaultCode6' value='width = int(input())\\n'><\/input>\n<div class='pyboxbuttons'><table><tr>\n<td><input type='submit' name='submit' id='submit6' value=' '\/><\/td>\n<td><input type='button' name='switch' id=\"switch6\" value=\"Input Switch\" onclick=\"pbInputSwitch(6,'N')\" ><\/td>\n<td><input type='button' name='consolecopy' value=\"Open in console\" onclick=\"pbConsoleCopy(6)\" ><\/td>\n<td><input type='button' name='visualize' value=\"Visualize\" onclick=\"pbVisualize(6,'N')\" ><\/td>\n<\/tr><\/table><select id='pbSelect6' class='selectmore'><option name='more'>More actions...<\/option>\n<option name='history' data-pbonclick=\"historyClick(6,'8.centering')\" >History<\/option>\n<option name='default' data-pbonclick=\"pbSetText(6,descape($('#defaultCode6').val()))\" >Reset code to default<\/option>\n<option name='help' data-pbonclick=\"helpClick(6);\" >Help<\/option>\n<\/select><\/div>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"lang\" value=\"en-US\"\/><input type=\"hidden\" id=\"inputInUse6\" name=\"inputInUse\" value=\"Y\"\/>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"pyId\" value=\"6\"\/>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"hash\" value=\"c36838deb1127c9a1e2562b4d06655e7\"\/>\n<div id='pbresults6' class='pbresults avoidline'><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/form>\n<script type='text\/javascript'>jQuery(function(){pbToggleCodeMirror(6);});pbInputSwitch(6,\"N\");<\/script>\n<\/p>\n<p><form class=\"pbform\" action=\"#\" id=\"pbform8\" method=\"POST\">\n<div class='pybox modeNeutral ' id='pybox8'>\n<img title='You have not yet completed this problem.' src='https:\/\/olescs.hkmu.edu.hk\/python\/wp-content\/plugins\/pybox\/files\/icon.png' class='pycheck'\/><div class=\"heading\"><span class='type'>Coding Exercise: <\/span><span class='title'>Ending Time<\/span><\/div>This program takes two lines of input. The first line is a \"starting time\" expressed in a 24-hour clock with leading zeroes, like <code>08:30<\/code> or <code>14:07<\/code>. The second line is a duration D in minutes. Print out what time it will be D minutes after the starting time. For example, for input <\/p>\n<pre>12:30<br\/>47<\/pre> the correct output would be <code>13:17<\/code>. All times should be formatted as numbers between 00:00 and 23:59, but the time period may go over midnight. For example, on input <\/p>\n<pre>23:59<br\/>13<\/pre> the correct output is <code>00:12<\/code>. Hints:\u00a0<a class=\"hintlink\" id=\"hintlink9\">#1<\/a> <a class=\"hintlink\" id=\"hintlink10\">#2<\/a><div class=\"helpOuter\" style=\"display: none;\"><div class=\"helpInner\"><div style=\"text-align: center\">You need to create an account and log in to ask a question.<\/div><\/div><\/div><div class='pyboxTextwrap pyboxCodewrap RW resizy' style='height: 526px;'><textarea wrap='off' name='usercode8' id='usercode8' cols=10 rows=20 class='pyboxCode RW'>\n# delete this comment and enter your code here\n<\/textarea><\/div>\n<div id='pbhistory8' class='flexcontain' style='display:none;'><\/div>\n<div name=\"pyinput\" id=\"pyinput8\">You may enter input for the program in the box below.<div class=\"pyboxTextwrap resizy\" style=\"height: 102px;\" ><textarea wrap=\"off\" name=\"userinput\" class=\"pyboxInput\" cols=10 rows=4><\/textarea><\/div><\/div>\n<div class='pyboxbuttons'><table><tr>\n<td><input type='submit' name='submit' id='submit8' value=' '\/><\/td>\n<td><input type='button' name='switch' id=\"switch8\" value=\"Input Switch\" onclick=\"pbInputSwitch(8,'N')\" ><\/td>\n<td><input type='button' name='consolecopy' value=\"Open in console\" onclick=\"pbConsoleCopy(8)\" ><\/td>\n<td><input type='button' name='visualize' value=\"Visualize\" onclick=\"pbVisualize(8,'N')\" ><\/td>\n<\/tr><\/table><select id='pbSelect8' class='selectmore'><option name='more'>More actions...<\/option>\n<option name='history' data-pbonclick=\"historyClick(8,'8.ending')\" >History<\/option>\n<option name='help' data-pbonclick=\"helpClick(8);\" >Help<\/option>\n<\/select><\/div>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"lang\" value=\"en-US\"\/><input type=\"hidden\" id=\"inputInUse8\" name=\"inputInUse\" value=\"Y\"\/>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"pyId\" value=\"8\"\/>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"hash\" value=\"01ac0e28f08665a82e7e6d1677e0723b\"\/>\n<div id='pbresults8' class='pbresults avoidline'><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/form>\n<script type='text\/javascript'>jQuery(function(){pbToggleCodeMirror(8);});pbInputSwitch(8,\"N\");<\/script>\n<\/p>\n<p><form class=\"pbform\" action=\"#\" id=\"pbform11\" method=\"POST\">\n<div class='pybox modeNeutral ' id='pybox11'>\n<img title='You have not yet completed this problem.' src='https:\/\/olescs.hkmu.edu.hk\/python\/wp-content\/plugins\/pybox\/files\/icon.png' class='pycheck'\/><div class=\"heading\"><span class='type'>Coding Exercise: <\/span><span class='title'>Character Map<\/span><\/div>Several lessons ago we showed you the following diagram: <\/p>\n<pre>chr: ! \" # $ % & ' ( ) * + , - . \/ \nasc: 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 \nchr: 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 : ; < = > ? \nasc: 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 \nchr: @ A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O \nasc: 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 \nchr: P Q R S T U V W X Y Z [ \\ ] ^ _ \nasc: 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 \nchr: ` a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o \nasc: 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111\nchr: p q r s t u v w x y z { | } ~ \nasc: 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 120 121 122 123 124 125 126 127 <\/pre> Write a program which prints out this table. (Character 127 is invisible but should be printed out like all the other characters anyway. Extra\/missing space characters at the end of each\u00a0line don't matter, the grader will ignore them.)<div class=\"helpOuter\" style=\"display: none;\"><div class=\"helpInner\"><div style=\"text-align: center\">You need to create an account and log in to ask a question.<\/div><\/div><\/div><div class='pyboxTextwrap pyboxCodewrap RW resizy' style='height: 526px;'><textarea wrap='off' name='usercode11' id='usercode11' cols=10 rows=20 class='pyboxCode RW'>\n# delete this comment and enter your code here\n<\/textarea><\/div>\n<div id='pbhistory11' class='flexcontain' style='display:none;'><\/div>\n<div name=\"pyinput\" id=\"pyinput11\">You may enter input for the program in the box below.<div class=\"pyboxTextwrap resizy\" style=\"height: 102px;\" ><textarea wrap=\"off\" name=\"userinput\" class=\"pyboxInput\" cols=10 rows=4><\/textarea><\/div><\/div>\n<div class='pyboxbuttons'><table><tr>\n<td><input type='submit' name='submit' id='submit11' value=' '\/><\/td>\n<td><input type='button' name='switch' id=\"switch11\" value=\"Input Switch\" onclick=\"pbInputSwitch(11,'N')\" ><\/td>\n<td><input type='button' name='consolecopy' value=\"Open in console\" onclick=\"pbConsoleCopy(11)\" ><\/td>\n<td><input type='button' name='visualize' value=\"Visualize\" onclick=\"pbVisualize(11,'N')\" ><\/td>\n<\/tr><\/table><select id='pbSelect11' class='selectmore'><option name='more'>More actions...<\/option>\n<option name='history' data-pbonclick=\"historyClick(11,'8.charmap')\" >History<\/option>\n<option name='help' data-pbonclick=\"helpClick(11);\" >Help<\/option>\n<\/select><\/div>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"lang\" value=\"en-US\"\/><input type=\"hidden\" id=\"inputInUse11\" name=\"inputInUse\" value=\"Y\"\/>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"pyId\" value=\"11\"\/>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"hash\" value=\"7d5317ccd38d2e4a01c7553e48291fb0\"\/>\n<div id='pbresults11' class='pbresults avoidline'><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/form>\n<script type='text\/javascript'>jQuery(function(){pbToggleCodeMirror(11);});pbInputSwitch(11,\"N\");<\/script>\n<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>This lesson consists of several exercises that combine the different skills you learned in the previous lessons. Coding Exercise: Python AdderWrite a program that takes a single input line of the form\u00a0\u00abnumber1\u00bb+\u00abnumber2\u00bb, where both of these represent positive integers, and … <a href=\"https:\/\/olescs.hkmu.edu.hk\/python\/8-remix\/\">Continue reading <span class=\"meta-nav\">→<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-982","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/olescs.hkmu.edu.hk\/python\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/982"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/olescs.hkmu.edu.hk\/python\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/olescs.hkmu.edu.hk\/python\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/olescs.hkmu.edu.hk\/python\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/olescs.hkmu.edu.hk\/python\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=982"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/olescs.hkmu.edu.hk\/python\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/982\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/olescs.hkmu.edu.hk\/python\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=982"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}
5+12<\/code> the output should be 17<\/code>. Hint 1<\/a>Hint 2<\/a>You need to create an account and log in to ask a question.<\/div><\/div><\/div>\nS = input()\n# delete this comment and enter your code here\n<\/textarea><\/div>\n<div id='pbhistory0' class='flexcontain' style='display:none;'><\/div>\n<div name=\"pyinput\" id=\"pyinput0\">You may enter input for the program in the box below.<div class=\"pyboxTextwrap resizy\" style=\"height: 102px;\" ><textarea wrap=\"off\" name=\"userinput\" class=\"pyboxInput\" cols=10 rows=4><\/textarea><\/div><\/div>\n<input type='hidden' id='defaultCode0' value='S = input()\\n'><\/input>\n<div class='pyboxbuttons'><table><tr>\n<td><input type='submit' name='submit' id='submit0' value=' '\/><\/td>\n<td><input type='button' name='switch' id=\"switch0\" value=\"Input Switch\" onclick=\"pbInputSwitch(0,'N')\" ><\/td>\n<td><input type='button' name='consolecopy' value=\"Open in console\" onclick=\"pbConsoleCopy(0)\" ><\/td>\n<td><input type='button' name='visualize' value=\"Visualize\" onclick=\"pbVisualize(0,'N')\" ><\/td>\n<\/tr><\/table><select id='pbSelect0' class='selectmore'><option name='more'>More actions...<\/option>\n<option name='history' data-pbonclick=\"historyClick(0,'8.adder')\" >History<\/option>\n<option name='default' data-pbonclick=\"pbSetText(0,descape($('#defaultCode0').val()))\" >Reset code to default<\/option>\n<option name='help' data-pbonclick=\"helpClick(0);\" >Help<\/option>\n<\/select><\/div>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"lang\" value=\"en-US\"\/><input type=\"hidden\" id=\"inputInUse0\" name=\"inputInUse\" value=\"Y\"\/>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"pyId\" value=\"0\"\/>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"hash\" value=\"db48175d499bb92edfa2764fa22b5711\"\/>\n<div id='pbresults0' class='pbresults avoidline'><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/form>\n<script type='text\/javascript'>jQuery(function(){pbToggleCodeMirror(0);});pbInputSwitch(0,\"N\");<\/script>\n<\/p>\n<p><form class=\"pbform\" action=\"#\" id=\"pbform3\" method=\"POST\">\n<div class='pybox modeNeutral ' id='pybox3'>\n<img title='You have not yet completed this problem.' src='https:\/\/olescs.hkmu.edu.hk\/python\/wp-content\/plugins\/pybox\/files\/icon.png' class='pycheck'\/><div class=\"heading\"><span class='type'>Coding Exercise: <\/span><span class='title'>Substring Counting<\/span><\/div>As mentioned in lesson 7A, a substring is any consecutive sequence of characters inside another string. The same substring may occur several times inside the same string: for example \"assesses\" has the substring \"sses\" 2 times, and \"trans-Panamanian\u00a0banana\" has the substring \"an\" 6 times. Write a program that takes two lines of input, we call the first <code>needle<\/code> and the second <code>haystack<\/code>. Print the number of times that <code>needle<\/code> occurs as a substring of <code>haystack<\/code>. <a class=\"hintlink\" id=\"hintlink4\">Hint<\/a><div class=\"helpOuter\" style=\"display: none;\"><div class=\"helpInner\"><div style=\"text-align: center\">You need to create an account and log in to ask a question.<\/div><\/div><\/div><div class='pyboxTextwrap pyboxCodewrap RW resizy' style='height: 526px;'><textarea wrap='off' name='usercode3' id='usercode3' cols=10 rows=20 class='pyboxCode RW'>\n# delete this comment and enter your code here\n<\/textarea><\/div>\n<div id='pbhistory3' class='flexcontain' style='display:none;'><\/div>\n<div name=\"pyinput\" id=\"pyinput3\">You may enter input for the program in the box below.<div class=\"pyboxTextwrap resizy\" style=\"height: 102px;\" ><textarea wrap=\"off\" name=\"userinput\" class=\"pyboxInput\" cols=10 rows=4><\/textarea><\/div><\/div>\n<div class='pyboxbuttons'><table><tr>\n<td><input type='submit' name='submit' id='submit3' value=' '\/><\/td>\n<td><input type='button' name='switch' id=\"switch3\" value=\"Input Switch\" onclick=\"pbInputSwitch(3,'N')\" ><\/td>\n<td><input type='button' name='consolecopy' value=\"Open in console\" onclick=\"pbConsoleCopy(3)\" ><\/td>\n<td><input type='button' name='visualize' value=\"Visualize\" onclick=\"pbVisualize(3,'N')\" ><\/td>\n<\/tr><\/table><select id='pbSelect3' class='selectmore'><option name='more'>More actions...<\/option>\n<option name='history' data-pbonclick=\"historyClick(3,'8.substrings')\" >History<\/option>\n<option name='help' data-pbonclick=\"helpClick(3);\" >Help<\/option>\n<\/select><\/div>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"lang\" value=\"en-US\"\/><input type=\"hidden\" id=\"inputInUse3\" name=\"inputInUse\" value=\"Y\"\/>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"pyId\" value=\"3\"\/>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"hash\" value=\"e0b82a10c247416bf90ba44e7c882356\"\/>\n<div id='pbresults3' class='pbresults avoidline'><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/form>\n<script type='text\/javascript'>jQuery(function(){pbToggleCodeMirror(3);});pbInputSwitch(3,\"N\");<\/script>\n<\/p>\n<p>In the following question, once you get it correct we'll show you a graphical representation of the output using <code>*<\/code> graphics.<\/p>\n<p><form class=\"pbform\" action=\"#\" id=\"pbform5\" method=\"POST\">\n<div class='pybox modeNeutral ' id='pybox5'>\n<img title='You have not yet completed this problem.' src='https:\/\/olescs.hkmu.edu.hk\/python\/wp-content\/plugins\/pybox\/files\/icon.png' class='pycheck'\/><div class=\"heading\"><span class='type'>Coding Exercise: <\/span><span class='title'>Watch the Pendulum<\/span><\/div>In physics, for a pendulum with length L and initial angle A, its horizontal displacement X(T) at time T is given by the formula <\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\">X(T) = L \u00d7\u00a0cos(A \u00d7 cos(T \u00d7\u00a0\u221a<span style=\"text-decoration: overline\">9.8\/L<\/span>)) - L \u00d7 cos(A)<\/p>\n<p> Write a program which takes two lines of input; the first line is L and the second line is A. The output should be ten lines, giving the values of X(0), X(1), X(2), ..., X(9). For example, if the first line of input is\u00a0<code>53.1<\/code>\u00a0and the second line of input is <code>0.8<\/code>, then the first line of output is <code>0.0<\/code> and the second line of output is 53.1*cos(0.8*cos(1*\u221a<span style=\"text-decoration: overline\">9.8\/53.1<\/span>)) - 53.1*cos(0.8) ~ <code>2.6689<\/code>.<div class=\"helpOuter\" style=\"display: none;\"><div class=\"helpInner\"><div style=\"text-align: center\">You need to create an account and log in to ask a question.<\/div><\/div><\/div><div class='pyboxTextwrap pyboxCodewrap RW resizy' style='height: 526px;'><textarea wrap='off' name='usercode5' id='usercode5' cols=10 rows=20 class='pyboxCode RW'>\n# import statement goes here\nL = float(input())\nA = float(input())\n# delete this comment and enter your code here\n<\/textarea><\/div>\n<div id='pbhistory5' class='flexcontain' style='display:none;'><\/div>\n<div name=\"pyinput\" id=\"pyinput5\">You may enter input for the program in the box below.<div class=\"pyboxTextwrap resizy\" style=\"height: 102px;\" ><textarea wrap=\"off\" name=\"userinput\" class=\"pyboxInput\" cols=10 rows=4><\/textarea><\/div><\/div>\n<input type='hidden' id='defaultCode5' value='# import statement goes here\\nL = float(input())\\nA = float(input())\\n'><\/input>\n<div class='pyboxbuttons'><table><tr>\n<td><input type='submit' name='submit' id='submit5' value=' '\/><\/td>\n<td><input type='button' name='switch' id=\"switch5\" value=\"Input Switch\" onclick=\"pbInputSwitch(5,'N')\" ><\/td>\n<td><input type='button' name='consolecopy' value=\"Open in console\" onclick=\"pbConsoleCopy(5)\" ><\/td>\n<td><input type='button' name='visualize' value=\"Visualize\" onclick=\"pbVisualize(5,'N')\" ><\/td>\n<\/tr><\/table><select id='pbSelect5' class='selectmore'><option name='more'>More actions...<\/option>\n<option name='history' data-pbonclick=\"historyClick(5,'8.pendulum')\" >History<\/option>\n<option name='default' data-pbonclick=\"pbSetText(5,descape($('#defaultCode5').val()))\" >Reset code to default<\/option>\n<option name='help' data-pbonclick=\"helpClick(5);\" >Help<\/option>\n<\/select><\/div>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"lang\" value=\"en-US\"\/><input type=\"hidden\" id=\"inputInUse5\" name=\"inputInUse\" value=\"Y\"\/>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"pyId\" value=\"5\"\/>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"hash\" value=\"6fba0ed43b6aaa61ac036fd799b2699a\"\/>\n<div id='pbresults5' class='pbresults avoidline'><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/form>\n<script type='text\/javascript'>jQuery(function(){pbToggleCodeMirror(5);});pbInputSwitch(5,\"N\");<\/script>\n<\/p>\n<p><form class=\"pbform\" action=\"#\" id=\"pbform6\" method=\"POST\">\n<div class='pybox modeNeutral ' id='pybox6'>\n<img title='You have not yet completed this problem.' src='https:\/\/olescs.hkmu.edu.hk\/python\/wp-content\/plugins\/pybox\/files\/icon.png' class='pycheck'\/><div class=\"heading\"><span class='type'>Coding Exercise: <\/span><span class='title'>Centering Text<\/span><\/div>For this program, the first line of input is an integer\u00a0<code>width<\/code>. Then, there are some lines of text; the line <code>\"END\"<\/code> indicates the end of the text. For each line of text, you need to print out a <em>centered<\/em> version of it, by adding periods <code>..<\/code> to the left and right, so that the total length of each line of text is <code>width<\/code>. (All input lines will have length at most <code>width<\/code>.) Centering means that the number of periods added to the left and added to the right should be equal if possible; if needed we allow one more period on the left than the right. For example, for input <\/p>\n<pre>13<br\/>Text<br\/>in<br\/>the<br\/>middle!<br\/>END<\/pre> the correct output would be <\/p>\n<pre>.....Text....<br\/>......in.....<br\/>.....the.....<br\/>...middle!...<\/pre> <a class=\"hintlink\" id=\"hintlink7\">Hint<\/a><div class=\"helpOuter\" style=\"display: none;\"><div class=\"helpInner\"><div style=\"text-align: center\">You need to create an account and log in to ask a question.<\/div><\/div><\/div><div class='pyboxTextwrap pyboxCodewrap RW resizy' style='height: 526px;'><textarea wrap='off' name='usercode6' id='usercode6' cols=10 rows=20 class='pyboxCode RW'>\nwidth = int(input())\n# delete this comment and enter your code here\n<\/textarea><\/div>\n<div id='pbhistory6' class='flexcontain' style='display:none;'><\/div>\n<div name=\"pyinput\" id=\"pyinput6\">You may enter input for the program in the box below.<div class=\"pyboxTextwrap resizy\" style=\"height: 102px;\" ><textarea wrap=\"off\" name=\"userinput\" class=\"pyboxInput\" cols=10 rows=4><\/textarea><\/div><\/div>\n<input type='hidden' id='defaultCode6' value='width = int(input())\\n'><\/input>\n<div class='pyboxbuttons'><table><tr>\n<td><input type='submit' name='submit' id='submit6' value=' '\/><\/td>\n<td><input type='button' name='switch' id=\"switch6\" value=\"Input Switch\" onclick=\"pbInputSwitch(6,'N')\" ><\/td>\n<td><input type='button' name='consolecopy' value=\"Open in console\" onclick=\"pbConsoleCopy(6)\" ><\/td>\n<td><input type='button' name='visualize' value=\"Visualize\" onclick=\"pbVisualize(6,'N')\" ><\/td>\n<\/tr><\/table><select id='pbSelect6' class='selectmore'><option name='more'>More actions...<\/option>\n<option name='history' data-pbonclick=\"historyClick(6,'8.centering')\" >History<\/option>\n<option name='default' data-pbonclick=\"pbSetText(6,descape($('#defaultCode6').val()))\" >Reset code to default<\/option>\n<option name='help' data-pbonclick=\"helpClick(6);\" >Help<\/option>\n<\/select><\/div>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"lang\" value=\"en-US\"\/><input type=\"hidden\" id=\"inputInUse6\" name=\"inputInUse\" value=\"Y\"\/>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"pyId\" value=\"6\"\/>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"hash\" value=\"c36838deb1127c9a1e2562b4d06655e7\"\/>\n<div id='pbresults6' class='pbresults avoidline'><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/form>\n<script type='text\/javascript'>jQuery(function(){pbToggleCodeMirror(6);});pbInputSwitch(6,\"N\");<\/script>\n<\/p>\n<p><form class=\"pbform\" action=\"#\" id=\"pbform8\" method=\"POST\">\n<div class='pybox modeNeutral ' id='pybox8'>\n<img title='You have not yet completed this problem.' src='https:\/\/olescs.hkmu.edu.hk\/python\/wp-content\/plugins\/pybox\/files\/icon.png' class='pycheck'\/><div class=\"heading\"><span class='type'>Coding Exercise: <\/span><span class='title'>Ending Time<\/span><\/div>This program takes two lines of input. The first line is a \"starting time\" expressed in a 24-hour clock with leading zeroes, like <code>08:30<\/code> or <code>14:07<\/code>. The second line is a duration D in minutes. Print out what time it will be D minutes after the starting time. For example, for input <\/p>\n<pre>12:30<br\/>47<\/pre> the correct output would be <code>13:17<\/code>. All times should be formatted as numbers between 00:00 and 23:59, but the time period may go over midnight. For example, on input <\/p>\n<pre>23:59<br\/>13<\/pre> the correct output is <code>00:12<\/code>. Hints:\u00a0<a class=\"hintlink\" id=\"hintlink9\">#1<\/a> <a class=\"hintlink\" id=\"hintlink10\">#2<\/a><div class=\"helpOuter\" style=\"display: none;\"><div class=\"helpInner\"><div style=\"text-align: center\">You need to create an account and log in to ask a question.<\/div><\/div><\/div><div class='pyboxTextwrap pyboxCodewrap RW resizy' style='height: 526px;'><textarea wrap='off' name='usercode8' id='usercode8' cols=10 rows=20 class='pyboxCode RW'>\n# delete this comment and enter your code here\n<\/textarea><\/div>\n<div id='pbhistory8' class='flexcontain' style='display:none;'><\/div>\n<div name=\"pyinput\" id=\"pyinput8\">You may enter input for the program in the box below.<div class=\"pyboxTextwrap resizy\" style=\"height: 102px;\" ><textarea wrap=\"off\" name=\"userinput\" class=\"pyboxInput\" cols=10 rows=4><\/textarea><\/div><\/div>\n<div class='pyboxbuttons'><table><tr>\n<td><input type='submit' name='submit' id='submit8' value=' '\/><\/td>\n<td><input type='button' name='switch' id=\"switch8\" value=\"Input Switch\" onclick=\"pbInputSwitch(8,'N')\" ><\/td>\n<td><input type='button' name='consolecopy' value=\"Open in console\" onclick=\"pbConsoleCopy(8)\" ><\/td>\n<td><input type='button' name='visualize' value=\"Visualize\" onclick=\"pbVisualize(8,'N')\" ><\/td>\n<\/tr><\/table><select id='pbSelect8' class='selectmore'><option name='more'>More actions...<\/option>\n<option name='history' data-pbonclick=\"historyClick(8,'8.ending')\" >History<\/option>\n<option name='help' data-pbonclick=\"helpClick(8);\" >Help<\/option>\n<\/select><\/div>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"lang\" value=\"en-US\"\/><input type=\"hidden\" id=\"inputInUse8\" name=\"inputInUse\" value=\"Y\"\/>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"pyId\" value=\"8\"\/>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"hash\" value=\"01ac0e28f08665a82e7e6d1677e0723b\"\/>\n<div id='pbresults8' class='pbresults avoidline'><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/form>\n<script type='text\/javascript'>jQuery(function(){pbToggleCodeMirror(8);});pbInputSwitch(8,\"N\");<\/script>\n<\/p>\n<p><form class=\"pbform\" action=\"#\" id=\"pbform11\" method=\"POST\">\n<div class='pybox modeNeutral ' id='pybox11'>\n<img title='You have not yet completed this problem.' src='https:\/\/olescs.hkmu.edu.hk\/python\/wp-content\/plugins\/pybox\/files\/icon.png' class='pycheck'\/><div class=\"heading\"><span class='type'>Coding Exercise: <\/span><span class='title'>Character Map<\/span><\/div>Several lessons ago we showed you the following diagram: <\/p>\n<pre>chr: ! \" # $ % & ' ( ) * + , - . \/ \nasc: 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 \nchr: 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 : ; < = > ? \nasc: 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 \nchr: @ A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O \nasc: 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 \nchr: P Q R S T U V W X Y Z [ \\ ] ^ _ \nasc: 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 \nchr: ` a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o \nasc: 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111\nchr: p q r s t u v w x y z { | } ~ \nasc: 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 120 121 122 123 124 125 126 127 <\/pre> Write a program which prints out this table. (Character 127 is invisible but should be printed out like all the other characters anyway. Extra\/missing space characters at the end of each\u00a0line don't matter, the grader will ignore them.)<div class=\"helpOuter\" style=\"display: none;\"><div class=\"helpInner\"><div style=\"text-align: center\">You need to create an account and log in to ask a question.<\/div><\/div><\/div><div class='pyboxTextwrap pyboxCodewrap RW resizy' style='height: 526px;'><textarea wrap='off' name='usercode11' id='usercode11' cols=10 rows=20 class='pyboxCode RW'>\n# delete this comment and enter your code here\n<\/textarea><\/div>\n<div id='pbhistory11' class='flexcontain' style='display:none;'><\/div>\n<div name=\"pyinput\" id=\"pyinput11\">You may enter input for the program in the box below.<div class=\"pyboxTextwrap resizy\" style=\"height: 102px;\" ><textarea wrap=\"off\" name=\"userinput\" class=\"pyboxInput\" cols=10 rows=4><\/textarea><\/div><\/div>\n<div class='pyboxbuttons'><table><tr>\n<td><input type='submit' name='submit' id='submit11' value=' '\/><\/td>\n<td><input type='button' name='switch' id=\"switch11\" value=\"Input Switch\" onclick=\"pbInputSwitch(11,'N')\" ><\/td>\n<td><input type='button' name='consolecopy' value=\"Open in console\" onclick=\"pbConsoleCopy(11)\" ><\/td>\n<td><input type='button' name='visualize' value=\"Visualize\" onclick=\"pbVisualize(11,'N')\" ><\/td>\n<\/tr><\/table><select id='pbSelect11' class='selectmore'><option name='more'>More actions...<\/option>\n<option name='history' data-pbonclick=\"historyClick(11,'8.charmap')\" >History<\/option>\n<option name='help' data-pbonclick=\"helpClick(11);\" >Help<\/option>\n<\/select><\/div>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"lang\" value=\"en-US\"\/><input type=\"hidden\" id=\"inputInUse11\" name=\"inputInUse\" value=\"Y\"\/>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"pyId\" value=\"11\"\/>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"hash\" value=\"7d5317ccd38d2e4a01c7553e48291fb0\"\/>\n<div id='pbresults11' class='pbresults avoidline'><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/form>\n<script type='text\/javascript'>jQuery(function(){pbToggleCodeMirror(11);});pbInputSwitch(11,\"N\");<\/script>\n<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>This lesson consists of several exercises that combine the different skills you learned in the previous lessons. Coding Exercise: Python AdderWrite a program that takes a single input line of the form\u00a0\u00abnumber1\u00bb+\u00abnumber2\u00bb, where both of these represent positive integers, and … <a href=\"https:\/\/olescs.hkmu.edu.hk\/python\/8-remix\/\">Continue reading <span class=\"meta-nav\">→<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-982","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/olescs.hkmu.edu.hk\/python\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/982"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/olescs.hkmu.edu.hk\/python\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/olescs.hkmu.edu.hk\/python\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/olescs.hkmu.edu.hk\/python\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/olescs.hkmu.edu.hk\/python\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=982"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/olescs.hkmu.edu.hk\/python\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/982\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/olescs.hkmu.edu.hk\/python\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=982"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}
17<\/code>. Hint 1<\/a>Hint 2<\/a>You need to create an account and log in to ask a question.<\/div><\/div><\/div>\nS = input()\n# delete this comment and enter your code here\n<\/textarea><\/div>\n<div id='pbhistory0' class='flexcontain' style='display:none;'><\/div>\n<div name=\"pyinput\" id=\"pyinput0\">You may enter input for the program in the box below.<div class=\"pyboxTextwrap resizy\" style=\"height: 102px;\" ><textarea wrap=\"off\" name=\"userinput\" class=\"pyboxInput\" cols=10 rows=4><\/textarea><\/div><\/div>\n<input type='hidden' id='defaultCode0' value='S = input()\\n'><\/input>\n<div class='pyboxbuttons'><table><tr>\n<td><input type='submit' name='submit' id='submit0' value=' '\/><\/td>\n<td><input type='button' name='switch' id=\"switch0\" value=\"Input Switch\" onclick=\"pbInputSwitch(0,'N')\" ><\/td>\n<td><input type='button' name='consolecopy' value=\"Open in console\" onclick=\"pbConsoleCopy(0)\" ><\/td>\n<td><input type='button' name='visualize' value=\"Visualize\" onclick=\"pbVisualize(0,'N')\" ><\/td>\n<\/tr><\/table><select id='pbSelect0' class='selectmore'><option name='more'>More actions...<\/option>\n<option name='history' data-pbonclick=\"historyClick(0,'8.adder')\" >History<\/option>\n<option name='default' data-pbonclick=\"pbSetText(0,descape($('#defaultCode0').val()))\" >Reset code to default<\/option>\n<option name='help' data-pbonclick=\"helpClick(0);\" >Help<\/option>\n<\/select><\/div>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"lang\" value=\"en-US\"\/><input type=\"hidden\" id=\"inputInUse0\" name=\"inputInUse\" value=\"Y\"\/>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"pyId\" value=\"0\"\/>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"hash\" value=\"db48175d499bb92edfa2764fa22b5711\"\/>\n<div id='pbresults0' class='pbresults avoidline'><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/form>\n<script type='text\/javascript'>jQuery(function(){pbToggleCodeMirror(0);});pbInputSwitch(0,\"N\");<\/script>\n<\/p>\n<p><form class=\"pbform\" action=\"#\" id=\"pbform3\" method=\"POST\">\n<div class='pybox modeNeutral ' id='pybox3'>\n<img title='You have not yet completed this problem.' src='https:\/\/olescs.hkmu.edu.hk\/python\/wp-content\/plugins\/pybox\/files\/icon.png' class='pycheck'\/><div class=\"heading\"><span class='type'>Coding Exercise: <\/span><span class='title'>Substring Counting<\/span><\/div>As mentioned in lesson 7A, a substring is any consecutive sequence of characters inside another string. The same substring may occur several times inside the same string: for example \"assesses\" has the substring \"sses\" 2 times, and \"trans-Panamanian\u00a0banana\" has the substring \"an\" 6 times. Write a program that takes two lines of input, we call the first <code>needle<\/code> and the second <code>haystack<\/code>. Print the number of times that <code>needle<\/code> occurs as a substring of <code>haystack<\/code>. <a class=\"hintlink\" id=\"hintlink4\">Hint<\/a><div class=\"helpOuter\" style=\"display: none;\"><div class=\"helpInner\"><div style=\"text-align: center\">You need to create an account and log in to ask a question.<\/div><\/div><\/div><div class='pyboxTextwrap pyboxCodewrap RW resizy' style='height: 526px;'><textarea wrap='off' name='usercode3' id='usercode3' cols=10 rows=20 class='pyboxCode RW'>\n# delete this comment and enter your code here\n<\/textarea><\/div>\n<div id='pbhistory3' class='flexcontain' style='display:none;'><\/div>\n<div name=\"pyinput\" id=\"pyinput3\">You may enter input for the program in the box below.<div class=\"pyboxTextwrap resizy\" style=\"height: 102px;\" ><textarea wrap=\"off\" name=\"userinput\" class=\"pyboxInput\" cols=10 rows=4><\/textarea><\/div><\/div>\n<div class='pyboxbuttons'><table><tr>\n<td><input type='submit' name='submit' id='submit3' value=' '\/><\/td>\n<td><input type='button' name='switch' id=\"switch3\" value=\"Input Switch\" onclick=\"pbInputSwitch(3,'N')\" ><\/td>\n<td><input type='button' name='consolecopy' value=\"Open in console\" onclick=\"pbConsoleCopy(3)\" ><\/td>\n<td><input type='button' name='visualize' value=\"Visualize\" onclick=\"pbVisualize(3,'N')\" ><\/td>\n<\/tr><\/table><select id='pbSelect3' class='selectmore'><option name='more'>More actions...<\/option>\n<option name='history' data-pbonclick=\"historyClick(3,'8.substrings')\" >History<\/option>\n<option name='help' data-pbonclick=\"helpClick(3);\" >Help<\/option>\n<\/select><\/div>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"lang\" value=\"en-US\"\/><input type=\"hidden\" id=\"inputInUse3\" name=\"inputInUse\" value=\"Y\"\/>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"pyId\" value=\"3\"\/>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"hash\" value=\"e0b82a10c247416bf90ba44e7c882356\"\/>\n<div id='pbresults3' class='pbresults avoidline'><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/form>\n<script type='text\/javascript'>jQuery(function(){pbToggleCodeMirror(3);});pbInputSwitch(3,\"N\");<\/script>\n<\/p>\n<p>In the following question, once you get it correct we'll show you a graphical representation of the output using <code>*<\/code> graphics.<\/p>\n<p><form class=\"pbform\" action=\"#\" id=\"pbform5\" method=\"POST\">\n<div class='pybox modeNeutral ' id='pybox5'>\n<img title='You have not yet completed this problem.' src='https:\/\/olescs.hkmu.edu.hk\/python\/wp-content\/plugins\/pybox\/files\/icon.png' class='pycheck'\/><div class=\"heading\"><span class='type'>Coding Exercise: <\/span><span class='title'>Watch the Pendulum<\/span><\/div>In physics, for a pendulum with length L and initial angle A, its horizontal displacement X(T) at time T is given by the formula <\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\">X(T) = L \u00d7\u00a0cos(A \u00d7 cos(T \u00d7\u00a0\u221a<span style=\"text-decoration: overline\">9.8\/L<\/span>)) - L \u00d7 cos(A)<\/p>\n<p> Write a program which takes two lines of input; the first line is L and the second line is A. The output should be ten lines, giving the values of X(0), X(1), X(2), ..., X(9). For example, if the first line of input is\u00a0<code>53.1<\/code>\u00a0and the second line of input is <code>0.8<\/code>, then the first line of output is <code>0.0<\/code> and the second line of output is 53.1*cos(0.8*cos(1*\u221a<span style=\"text-decoration: overline\">9.8\/53.1<\/span>)) - 53.1*cos(0.8) ~ <code>2.6689<\/code>.<div class=\"helpOuter\" style=\"display: none;\"><div class=\"helpInner\"><div style=\"text-align: center\">You need to create an account and log in to ask a question.<\/div><\/div><\/div><div class='pyboxTextwrap pyboxCodewrap RW resizy' style='height: 526px;'><textarea wrap='off' name='usercode5' id='usercode5' cols=10 rows=20 class='pyboxCode RW'>\n# import statement goes here\nL = float(input())\nA = float(input())\n# delete this comment and enter your code here\n<\/textarea><\/div>\n<div id='pbhistory5' class='flexcontain' style='display:none;'><\/div>\n<div name=\"pyinput\" id=\"pyinput5\">You may enter input for the program in the box below.<div class=\"pyboxTextwrap resizy\" style=\"height: 102px;\" ><textarea wrap=\"off\" name=\"userinput\" class=\"pyboxInput\" cols=10 rows=4><\/textarea><\/div><\/div>\n<input type='hidden' id='defaultCode5' value='# import statement goes here\\nL = float(input())\\nA = float(input())\\n'><\/input>\n<div class='pyboxbuttons'><table><tr>\n<td><input type='submit' name='submit' id='submit5' value=' '\/><\/td>\n<td><input type='button' name='switch' id=\"switch5\" value=\"Input Switch\" onclick=\"pbInputSwitch(5,'N')\" ><\/td>\n<td><input type='button' name='consolecopy' value=\"Open in console\" onclick=\"pbConsoleCopy(5)\" ><\/td>\n<td><input type='button' name='visualize' value=\"Visualize\" onclick=\"pbVisualize(5,'N')\" ><\/td>\n<\/tr><\/table><select id='pbSelect5' class='selectmore'><option name='more'>More actions...<\/option>\n<option name='history' data-pbonclick=\"historyClick(5,'8.pendulum')\" >History<\/option>\n<option name='default' data-pbonclick=\"pbSetText(5,descape($('#defaultCode5').val()))\" >Reset code to default<\/option>\n<option name='help' data-pbonclick=\"helpClick(5);\" >Help<\/option>\n<\/select><\/div>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"lang\" value=\"en-US\"\/><input type=\"hidden\" id=\"inputInUse5\" name=\"inputInUse\" value=\"Y\"\/>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"pyId\" value=\"5\"\/>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"hash\" value=\"6fba0ed43b6aaa61ac036fd799b2699a\"\/>\n<div id='pbresults5' class='pbresults avoidline'><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/form>\n<script type='text\/javascript'>jQuery(function(){pbToggleCodeMirror(5);});pbInputSwitch(5,\"N\");<\/script>\n<\/p>\n<p><form class=\"pbform\" action=\"#\" id=\"pbform6\" method=\"POST\">\n<div class='pybox modeNeutral ' id='pybox6'>\n<img title='You have not yet completed this problem.' src='https:\/\/olescs.hkmu.edu.hk\/python\/wp-content\/plugins\/pybox\/files\/icon.png' class='pycheck'\/><div class=\"heading\"><span class='type'>Coding Exercise: <\/span><span class='title'>Centering Text<\/span><\/div>For this program, the first line of input is an integer\u00a0<code>width<\/code>. Then, there are some lines of text; the line <code>\"END\"<\/code> indicates the end of the text. For each line of text, you need to print out a <em>centered<\/em> version of it, by adding periods <code>..<\/code> to the left and right, so that the total length of each line of text is <code>width<\/code>. (All input lines will have length at most <code>width<\/code>.) Centering means that the number of periods added to the left and added to the right should be equal if possible; if needed we allow one more period on the left than the right. For example, for input <\/p>\n<pre>13<br\/>Text<br\/>in<br\/>the<br\/>middle!<br\/>END<\/pre> the correct output would be <\/p>\n<pre>.....Text....<br\/>......in.....<br\/>.....the.....<br\/>...middle!...<\/pre> <a class=\"hintlink\" id=\"hintlink7\">Hint<\/a><div class=\"helpOuter\" style=\"display: none;\"><div class=\"helpInner\"><div style=\"text-align: center\">You need to create an account and log in to ask a question.<\/div><\/div><\/div><div class='pyboxTextwrap pyboxCodewrap RW resizy' style='height: 526px;'><textarea wrap='off' name='usercode6' id='usercode6' cols=10 rows=20 class='pyboxCode RW'>\nwidth = int(input())\n# delete this comment and enter your code here\n<\/textarea><\/div>\n<div id='pbhistory6' class='flexcontain' style='display:none;'><\/div>\n<div name=\"pyinput\" id=\"pyinput6\">You may enter input for the program in the box below.<div class=\"pyboxTextwrap resizy\" style=\"height: 102px;\" ><textarea wrap=\"off\" name=\"userinput\" class=\"pyboxInput\" cols=10 rows=4><\/textarea><\/div><\/div>\n<input type='hidden' id='defaultCode6' value='width = int(input())\\n'><\/input>\n<div class='pyboxbuttons'><table><tr>\n<td><input type='submit' name='submit' id='submit6' value=' '\/><\/td>\n<td><input type='button' name='switch' id=\"switch6\" value=\"Input Switch\" onclick=\"pbInputSwitch(6,'N')\" ><\/td>\n<td><input type='button' name='consolecopy' value=\"Open in console\" onclick=\"pbConsoleCopy(6)\" ><\/td>\n<td><input type='button' name='visualize' value=\"Visualize\" onclick=\"pbVisualize(6,'N')\" ><\/td>\n<\/tr><\/table><select id='pbSelect6' class='selectmore'><option name='more'>More actions...<\/option>\n<option name='history' data-pbonclick=\"historyClick(6,'8.centering')\" >History<\/option>\n<option name='default' data-pbonclick=\"pbSetText(6,descape($('#defaultCode6').val()))\" >Reset code to default<\/option>\n<option name='help' data-pbonclick=\"helpClick(6);\" >Help<\/option>\n<\/select><\/div>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"lang\" value=\"en-US\"\/><input type=\"hidden\" id=\"inputInUse6\" name=\"inputInUse\" value=\"Y\"\/>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"pyId\" value=\"6\"\/>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"hash\" value=\"c36838deb1127c9a1e2562b4d06655e7\"\/>\n<div id='pbresults6' class='pbresults avoidline'><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/form>\n<script type='text\/javascript'>jQuery(function(){pbToggleCodeMirror(6);});pbInputSwitch(6,\"N\");<\/script>\n<\/p>\n<p><form class=\"pbform\" action=\"#\" id=\"pbform8\" method=\"POST\">\n<div class='pybox modeNeutral ' id='pybox8'>\n<img title='You have not yet completed this problem.' src='https:\/\/olescs.hkmu.edu.hk\/python\/wp-content\/plugins\/pybox\/files\/icon.png' class='pycheck'\/><div class=\"heading\"><span class='type'>Coding Exercise: <\/span><span class='title'>Ending Time<\/span><\/div>This program takes two lines of input. The first line is a \"starting time\" expressed in a 24-hour clock with leading zeroes, like <code>08:30<\/code> or <code>14:07<\/code>. The second line is a duration D in minutes. Print out what time it will be D minutes after the starting time. For example, for input <\/p>\n<pre>12:30<br\/>47<\/pre> the correct output would be <code>13:17<\/code>. All times should be formatted as numbers between 00:00 and 23:59, but the time period may go over midnight. For example, on input <\/p>\n<pre>23:59<br\/>13<\/pre> the correct output is <code>00:12<\/code>. Hints:\u00a0<a class=\"hintlink\" id=\"hintlink9\">#1<\/a> <a class=\"hintlink\" id=\"hintlink10\">#2<\/a><div class=\"helpOuter\" style=\"display: none;\"><div class=\"helpInner\"><div style=\"text-align: center\">You need to create an account and log in to ask a question.<\/div><\/div><\/div><div class='pyboxTextwrap pyboxCodewrap RW resizy' style='height: 526px;'><textarea wrap='off' name='usercode8' id='usercode8' cols=10 rows=20 class='pyboxCode RW'>\n# delete this comment and enter your code here\n<\/textarea><\/div>\n<div id='pbhistory8' class='flexcontain' style='display:none;'><\/div>\n<div name=\"pyinput\" id=\"pyinput8\">You may enter input for the program in the box below.<div class=\"pyboxTextwrap resizy\" style=\"height: 102px;\" ><textarea wrap=\"off\" name=\"userinput\" class=\"pyboxInput\" cols=10 rows=4><\/textarea><\/div><\/div>\n<div class='pyboxbuttons'><table><tr>\n<td><input type='submit' name='submit' id='submit8' value=' '\/><\/td>\n<td><input type='button' name='switch' id=\"switch8\" value=\"Input Switch\" onclick=\"pbInputSwitch(8,'N')\" ><\/td>\n<td><input type='button' name='consolecopy' value=\"Open in console\" onclick=\"pbConsoleCopy(8)\" ><\/td>\n<td><input type='button' name='visualize' value=\"Visualize\" onclick=\"pbVisualize(8,'N')\" ><\/td>\n<\/tr><\/table><select id='pbSelect8' class='selectmore'><option name='more'>More actions...<\/option>\n<option name='history' data-pbonclick=\"historyClick(8,'8.ending')\" >History<\/option>\n<option name='help' data-pbonclick=\"helpClick(8);\" >Help<\/option>\n<\/select><\/div>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"lang\" value=\"en-US\"\/><input type=\"hidden\" id=\"inputInUse8\" name=\"inputInUse\" value=\"Y\"\/>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"pyId\" value=\"8\"\/>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"hash\" value=\"01ac0e28f08665a82e7e6d1677e0723b\"\/>\n<div id='pbresults8' class='pbresults avoidline'><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/form>\n<script type='text\/javascript'>jQuery(function(){pbToggleCodeMirror(8);});pbInputSwitch(8,\"N\");<\/script>\n<\/p>\n<p><form class=\"pbform\" action=\"#\" id=\"pbform11\" method=\"POST\">\n<div class='pybox modeNeutral ' id='pybox11'>\n<img title='You have not yet completed this problem.' src='https:\/\/olescs.hkmu.edu.hk\/python\/wp-content\/plugins\/pybox\/files\/icon.png' class='pycheck'\/><div class=\"heading\"><span class='type'>Coding Exercise: <\/span><span class='title'>Character Map<\/span><\/div>Several lessons ago we showed you the following diagram: <\/p>\n<pre>chr: ! \" # $ % & ' ( ) * + , - . \/ \nasc: 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 \nchr: 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 : ; < = > ? \nasc: 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 \nchr: @ A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O \nasc: 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 \nchr: P Q R S T U V W X Y Z [ \\ ] ^ _ \nasc: 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 \nchr: ` a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o \nasc: 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111\nchr: p q r s t u v w x y z { | } ~ \nasc: 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 120 121 122 123 124 125 126 127 <\/pre> Write a program which prints out this table. (Character 127 is invisible but should be printed out like all the other characters anyway. Extra\/missing space characters at the end of each\u00a0line don't matter, the grader will ignore them.)<div class=\"helpOuter\" style=\"display: none;\"><div class=\"helpInner\"><div style=\"text-align: center\">You need to create an account and log in to ask a question.<\/div><\/div><\/div><div class='pyboxTextwrap pyboxCodewrap RW resizy' style='height: 526px;'><textarea wrap='off' name='usercode11' id='usercode11' cols=10 rows=20 class='pyboxCode RW'>\n# delete this comment and enter your code here\n<\/textarea><\/div>\n<div id='pbhistory11' class='flexcontain' style='display:none;'><\/div>\n<div name=\"pyinput\" id=\"pyinput11\">You may enter input for the program in the box below.<div class=\"pyboxTextwrap resizy\" style=\"height: 102px;\" ><textarea wrap=\"off\" name=\"userinput\" class=\"pyboxInput\" cols=10 rows=4><\/textarea><\/div><\/div>\n<div class='pyboxbuttons'><table><tr>\n<td><input type='submit' name='submit' id='submit11' value=' '\/><\/td>\n<td><input type='button' name='switch' id=\"switch11\" value=\"Input Switch\" onclick=\"pbInputSwitch(11,'N')\" ><\/td>\n<td><input type='button' name='consolecopy' value=\"Open in console\" onclick=\"pbConsoleCopy(11)\" ><\/td>\n<td><input type='button' name='visualize' value=\"Visualize\" onclick=\"pbVisualize(11,'N')\" ><\/td>\n<\/tr><\/table><select id='pbSelect11' class='selectmore'><option name='more'>More actions...<\/option>\n<option name='history' data-pbonclick=\"historyClick(11,'8.charmap')\" >History<\/option>\n<option name='help' data-pbonclick=\"helpClick(11);\" >Help<\/option>\n<\/select><\/div>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"lang\" value=\"en-US\"\/><input type=\"hidden\" id=\"inputInUse11\" name=\"inputInUse\" value=\"Y\"\/>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"pyId\" value=\"11\"\/>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"hash\" value=\"7d5317ccd38d2e4a01c7553e48291fb0\"\/>\n<div id='pbresults11' class='pbresults avoidline'><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/form>\n<script type='text\/javascript'>jQuery(function(){pbToggleCodeMirror(11);});pbInputSwitch(11,\"N\");<\/script>\n<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>This lesson consists of several exercises that combine the different skills you learned in the previous lessons. Coding Exercise: Python AdderWrite a program that takes a single input line of the form\u00a0\u00abnumber1\u00bb+\u00abnumber2\u00bb, where both of these represent positive integers, and … <a href=\"https:\/\/olescs.hkmu.edu.hk\/python\/8-remix\/\">Continue reading <span class=\"meta-nav\">→<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-982","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/olescs.hkmu.edu.hk\/python\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/982"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/olescs.hkmu.edu.hk\/python\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/olescs.hkmu.edu.hk\/python\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/olescs.hkmu.edu.hk\/python\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/olescs.hkmu.edu.hk\/python\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=982"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/olescs.hkmu.edu.hk\/python\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/982\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/olescs.hkmu.edu.hk\/python\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=982"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}